CONVENTIONAL SYSTEMS
Heating occurs through convection. Hot air, steam, or hot water generated by means of a central source (boiler, burner, etc.) is conveyed to the space that is to be heated with the aid of circulation pumps, fans, pipes/ducts and discharged into the room as warm air through apparatuses, convectors, or vents. The purpose is to heat the air in the space first. People, machinery etc. are heated as a secondary result. However since warm air rises, heating through this method occurs very late and with difficulty particularly in high structures, poorly insulated buildings, or in businesses with excessive air circulation. The result is an attempt to provide heating with a system that consumes too much energy (has high fuel costs) yet does not provide the required comfort.
A boiler room or heat station is required for generating heat.
Homogeneous heating is difficult. Difference in temperature between the ceiling and floor are very high. (12°C to 20°C)
Since heat is transmitted via fans, there is air movement. This moving air is perceived as being cold until the system enters its proper heating regimen and causes employees to get sick or to diseases to be transmitted. It also mobilizes the dust in the environment, which sticks on the products, and machinery.
The system takes 1-2 hours to enter its proper heating regimen. Therefore, the system should be turned on a couple of hours before operations begin in the workplace.
The initial investment cost for installing the system is high and it takes a long time to install the system.
Operation, maintenance, spare parts expenses are high. Furthermore, the entire system may become off-line in the event of a malfunction of even one of the many parts of the boiler room, and the facility cannot be heated until the malfunction has been repaired.
Annual electricity expenditure takes up an important share of operational expenses.
Local or area heating is very difficult.
The odds of an existing system being un-installed and used in another facility is low. Only few pieces of existing equipment can be repurposed. It is difficult to make changes to the system depending on changes in the form or layout of production.
Loss of efficiency occurs through time. The system efficiency drops as years go by.
RADIANT SYSTEMS
Heating occurs by means of radiation. The system is located within the space that is to be heated, and is suspended from the ceiling. The gas which is burned by means of the burner is circulated within the radiant tubes, and the energy radiating from the surface of the heated tube is directed downwards with the help of reflectors and heating occurs (in the same way the sun warms us). There are no fluids (hot water, steam, hot air etc.) that are carried and no transfer elements (pump, pipe, valve, collector, apparatus, duct, etc.). Thus transfer loss is 0%. The purpose is to heat objects and people first. Heating begins primarily from the floor and is felt in a very short time. It is the ideal heating system particularly in high structures, poorly insulated buildings, or in businesses with excessive air circulation. As a result, heating is provided by a system which has low fuel expenses and which offers a high level of comfort.
Since heat generation occurs within the space that is to be heated, i.e. on the ceiling, no additional compartment is needed.
Heating is homogeneous. Difference in temperature between the ceiling and floor are low. (4°C to 8°C)
Since heat transmission is achieved via radiation, there is no movement of air, and therefore the dust is not mobilized, and dust not stick to the surfaces of products, and machinery. The risk of disease transmission is also minimum. Cases of disease contraction due to air movement is not observed in spaces that are heated using the radiant method.
The system takes 15-30 minutes to enter its proper heating regimen. Therefore, the system can be turned on a couple of minutes before operations begin in the workplace.
The initial investment cost for installing the system is low and it takes very little time to install the system.
Operation, maintenance, spare parts expenses are very low. Furthermore, even if one of the units malfunctions the entire system save for the malfunctioning unit continues to operate and does not cause a big problem for heating.
Annual electricity consumption is substantially low.
Local or area heating can be carried out as needed.
An existing system can easily be un-installed and used in another facility. It is possible, and very easy and takes little time to make changes to the system depending on changes in the form or layout of production.
Loss of efficiency does not occur through time. The system operates with the same performance for many years.
CONCLUSION
Radiant heating, a scaled down model of the manner in which the sun warms the planets offers comfortable heating in large spaces. Economic analyses show that contrary to popular belief, radiant heating systems can be more economical than conventional systems. Considering the ever rising fuel prices, fuel economy up to 50% must not be overlooked. Radiant systems offer a major advantage in heating large spaces such as factories, warehouses, and hangars, as well as in heating only certain sections of such spaces. The convenience of construction alone can count as adequate reason to select a radiant system.
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